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Jewish Resistance during the Holocaust: Marking 80 Years since the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

The Central Theme for Holocaust Remembrance Day 2023

"What happened exceeded our boldest dreams. The Germans ran twice from the ghetto… I feel that great things are happening, and what we dared to do is of great, enormous importance."

From the last letter of Mordechai Anielewicz, Warsaw ghetto, 21 April 1943 1

  • 1. Yitzhak Arad, Israel Gutman and Abraham Margaliot, eds., Documents on the Holocaust: Selected Sources on the Destruction of the Jews of Germany and Austria, Poland, and the Soviet Union (Jerusalem: Yad Vashem and University of Nebraska Press, 1981), p. 315.
Soldiers of the Waffen SS leading Jews captured during the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising to the Umschlagplatz. The caption under the original photograph in the Stroop album reads: "Forcibly taken from the bunker."
Soldiers of the Waffen SS leading Jews captured during the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising to the Umschlagplatz. The caption under the original photograph in the Stroop album reads: "Forcibly taken from the bunker."

There are several varying identifications of the woman standing at the front of the left hand file. According to one identification, the woman is Yehudit Tolb-Neyer, and she is holding the arm of her mother-in-law. The child beside her is her daughter. Avraham Neyer, Judith's husband and a member of the Bund, is standing behind the child. Of the four, he was the only one to survive. He made Aliyah after the end of the war.
A second identification holds that the two women at the head of the file are the Lusky sisters from Zitl - Deba (Deba'le) and Malka (left).
A third identification holds that the woman on the left is the painter Gala Zakstein.

A Jew jumps to his death from the 4th floor window of a burning building during the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
A Jew jumps to his death from the 4th floor window of a burning building during the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Waffen SS soldiers with a Jew who was captured during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Waffen SS soldiers with a Jew who was captured during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Mordechai Anielewicz, commander of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Mordechai Anielewicz, commander of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Fighters in the Warsaw Ghetto