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Yad Vashem is open to the general public, free of charge. All visits to Yad Vashem must be reserved in advance.

Liberation and Survival

A survivor sits on a bundle of possessions after liberation, Dachau, Germany
A survivor sits on a bundle of possessions after liberation, Dachau, Germany

Teaching children Hebrew in the DP camp at Gauting, Germany
Teaching children Hebrew in the DP camp at Gauting, Germany

Children learning at a Heder (traditional Jewish elementary school) in the Beit Bialik DP camp, Salzburg, Austria, postwar
Children learning at a Heder (traditional Jewish elementary school) in the Beit Bialik DP camp, Salzburg, Austria, postwar

A chess tournament among survivors at the Landsberg DP camp, Germany
A chess tournament among survivors at the Landsberg DP camp, Germany

After liberation, survivors boarding trucks of the Bericha movement on the first stage of their journey to Palestine
After liberation, survivors boarding trucks of the Bericha movement on the first stage of their journey to Palestine

A survivor stands behind barbed wire at the Displaced Persons camp in Bari, Italy, 1947
A survivor stands behind barbed wire at the Displaced Persons camp in Bari, Italy, 1947

Two Couples on Their Wedding Day, Pocking DP Camp, Germany, 1946.  On the right: Tovah and Yosef Zilberberg; on the left: Rachel Spracher and Yishayahu Novogrodsky
Two Couples on Their Wedding Day, Pocking DP Camp, Germany, 1946. On the right: Tovah and Yosef Zilberberg; on the left: Rachel Spracher and Yishayahu Novogrodsky

  1. Chamberlin, Brewster and Feldman, Marcia, The Liberation of the Nazi Concentration Camps 1945: Eyewitness Accounts of the Liberators, United States Holocaust Memorial Council, Washington D.C., 1987, pp. 75-76.
  2. Ibid., p. 103. 
  3. Kleiman Yehudit and Springer-Aharoni Nina, The Anguish of Liberation, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem 1995, p. 35.
  4. Anita Shapira and Irit Keynan, “The Survivors of the Holocaust”, orig. in “Return to Life: The Holocaust Survivors – From Liberation to Rehabilitation”, Beth Hatefutsoth, Ghetto Fighters’ House and Yad Vashem, Haifa 1995, pp. 35-47.
  5. Zerach Warhaftig, Uprooted, Institute of Jewish Affairs of the American Jewish Congress and World Jewish Congress, New York, 1946, p. 52. 
  6. Testimony of Yitzchak Zuckerman, recorded at the Council of the United Kibbutz Movement on 9-10 May 1947. Published in: Zuckerman, Yitzchak, The Exodus from Poland , Ghetto Fighters’ House, United Kibbutz Movement Press, pp. 13-16 (Hebrew).
  7. Kleiman, Yehudit and Shpringer-Aharoni, Nina (eds.), The Pain of Liberation, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, 1995, p. 40. 
  8. Ibid., p. 45. 
  9. Ibid., p. 47.
  10. Ibid., p. 53.
  11. Testimony of Shoshana Stark, Yad Vashem Archive 03/4337, pp. 19-20 (Hebrew).
  12. Israel Ring (Ed.), How Embers Survived [Hebrew], Moreshet and Ein Hamifratz, Kibbutz 1995, p. 130.
  13. Yad Vashem Archives, 0.3, V.T/135.
  14. Avni, Chaim, With the Jews in the DP Camps, Impressions from a Mission in 1945-1947 [Hebrew], Chaverim, 1981, pp. 32-35.
  15. Michael Berenbaum, The World Must Know, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1993, p. 208. 
  16. Hagit Lavsky, New Beginnings: Holocaust Survivors in Bergen-Belsen and the British Zone in Germany, 1945-1950, Wayne University State Press, Detroit, 2002, p. 150.
  17. Testimony of Eliezer Adler, Yad Vashem Archive, 03/5426, pp. 41-42 (Hebrew).
  18. Abba Kovner, Mishelo ve-‘alav, Moreshet and Sifriyat Hapoalim, 1988, pp. 40-41 [Hebrew]. 
  19. Yad Vashem Archive 03/6921, pp. 40-43 [Hebrew].