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  4. Before the Holocaust
  5. Jewish Education and Youth Movements in Würzburg before the Holocaust

Jewish Education and Youth Movements in Würzburg before the Holocaust

Most of the primary school aged Jewish children attended the Governmental Jewish Primary School in Würzburg, which was run by Aaron Mandelbaum, who taught there from 1886 up to the Nazi period. The school also took in Jewish children from nearby communities. In 1931 the Jewish school from the nearby town of Höchberg, which held six classes, was transferred to Würzburg. In 1932 the "Association for Jewish Schooling" was founded in Würzburg – its goal was to improve the curriculum and renovate the school. Almost half of the Jewish boys, and a quarter of Jewish girls, who attended high schools in Würzburg also took part in religious lessons given by the Jewish community, and many participated in the extracurricular classes on Judaism and the Hebrew language instituted and run by Rabbi Dr. Sigmund (Shimon) Hanover.

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A group of students at the Jewish Teachers Seminary in Würzburg, 1935/6. The picture was taken at the side entrance to the seminary, from Sandbergerstrße.
A group of students at the Jewish Teachers Seminary in Würzburg, 1935/6. The picture was taken at the side entrance to the seminary, from Sandbergerstrße.

Courtesy of Shimon Berlinger's family; Shimon Berlinger was one of the graduates of the Jewish Teachers Seminary in Würzburg.

A group of students at the Jewish Teachers Seminary in Würzburg, 1935/6. The picture was taken at the side entrance to the seminary, from Sandbergerstrße.
Childhood friends: Ludwig Pfeuffer (Yehuda Amichai), and Ruth Fanny Hanover.
Childhood friends: Ludwig Pfeuffer (Yehuda Amichai), and Ruth Fanny Hanover.

 Würzburg, c. 1928. They were both pupils at the Jewish primary school in Würzburg

Courtesy of Shimon Berlinger's family; Shimon Berlinger was one of the graduates of the Jewish Teachers Seminary in Würzburg.

Childhood friends: Ludwig Pfeuffer (Yehuda Amichai), and Ruth Fanny Hanover.
Sisters Miriam (right) and Karola Fulder. The two sisters immigrated to Eretz Israel.
Sisters Miriam (right) and Karola Fulder. The two sisters immigrated to Eretz Israel.

In 1942 their parents Rosa and Nathan were sent to Theresienstadt where they perished.

Courtesy of Judith Han, Ilana Brima (Miriam's daughters) and Ursula Prochnik (Karola's daughter)

Sisters Miriam (right) and Karola Fulder. The two sisters immigrated to Eretz Israel.
1936. Esther Sichel's certificate for completing the first year at the Jewish primary school in Würzburg.
1936. Esther Sichel's certificate for completing the first year at the Jewish primary school in Würzburg.

In 1938 Esther and her family immigrated to Eretz Israel.

Courtesy of Esther Cohen née Sichel

1936. Esther Sichel's certificate for completing the first year at the Jewish primary school in Würzburg.
Jewish Education in Würzburg During the Interwar Period

Jewish Education in Würzburg During the Interwar Period
A group of students at the Jewish Teachers Seminary in Würzburg, 1935/6. The picture was taken at the side entrance to the seminary, from Sandbergerstrße.
A group of students at the Jewish Teachers Seminary in Würzburg, 1935/6. The picture was taken at the side entrance to the seminary, from Sandbergerstrße.
Childhood friends: Ludwig Pfeuffer (Yehuda Amichai), and Ruth Fanny Hanover.
Childhood friends: Ludwig Pfeuffer (Yehuda Amichai), and Ruth Fanny Hanover.
Sisters Miriam (right) and Karola Fulder. The two sisters immigrated to Eretz Israel.
Sisters Miriam (right) and Karola Fulder. The two sisters immigrated to Eretz Israel.
1936. Esther Sichel's certificate for completing the first year at the Jewish primary school in Würzburg.
1936. Esther Sichel's certificate for completing the first year at the Jewish primary school in Würzburg.
Jewish Education in Würzburg During the Interwar Period
Jewish Education in Würzburg During the Interwar Period